What is the difference between a mid-mounted motor and a hub motor? How to choose?

When choosing an electric bicycle, misunderstandings often arise between mid-drive motors and hub motors. This article aims to clarify the characteristics of both types to help you make an informed decision based on your specific needs.

Suitable Scenarios

Urban and Light Off-Road Riding

If you plan to ride on urban bike paths, rail trails, or scenic wine routes, a bicycle with a hub motor is an excellent choice. They are generally more affordable and equipped with a thumb throttle, allowing for easy starts from a standstill—something many riders find very convenient.

Adventure and Long-Distance Riding

For those planning multi-day adventures that include steep hills and off-road segments, riding 60 to 70 kilometers daily, a mid-drive motor is the better option. It performs well on challenging terrains and provides more stable power output.

Cost and Efficiency

Cost Differences

Hub motors tend to be less expensive due to their longer presence in the market and higher production volumes. Additionally, the frames designed for mid-drive motors are costlier to manufacture, contributing to the overall higher price.

Efficiency Comparison

In certain situations, mid-drive motors can utilize battery energy more efficiently, especially when climbing steep mountain roads. For instance, a 500 Wh mid-drive motor may offer similar range performance as a 550 or 600 Wh hub motor.

Gear Ratios and Torque Importance

Gear Ratio Advantages

The primary advantage of mid-drive motors is their gear ratios. They allow riders to drive the rear wheel through the same chain and gear system, enabling low gears for climbing steep hills or accelerating from a stop with significant torque. This makes mid-drive motors better suited for steep inclines.

Understanding Torque

Torque measures the rotational force of a motor, typically expressed in Newton-meters (Nm). Higher torque translates to better climbing ability and acceleration performance. In steep off-road conditions, a high-torque motor will have a significant advantage.

Reputable E-Bike Motor Brands

Some well-known electric bike motor brands include Bosch, Brose, Shimano, Yamaha, and Bafang. These brands are recognized for their reliability and quality.

Current Market Trends for Hub Motors

Most bike shops do not frequently sell electric bicycles with hub motors for several reasons:

• Historically, their customer base has leaned toward younger riders interested in challenging off-road adventures.
• Hub-driven bikes are generally less expensive, resulting in lower profit margins for retailers.
• However, These bikes are popular among riders who are looking for an affordable way to ride.

Conclusion

When choosing an electric bicycle, consider the riding conditions you are likely to encounter. If you intend to undertake long-distance off-road rides, especially on steep hills, a mid-drive motor may be your best choice. For urban riders or those preferring light off-road cycling, a hub motor will be more than adequate.